Peter Carrington
Peter Carrington, an illustrator from Manchester, makes artworks about science, natural history and his struggle to gain knowledge. As Carrington states,
“I’ve always had an interest in science and nature, and during my studies I decided to combine this with my practice. Through deeper research into different scientific areas it quickly became apparent that, due to having dyslexia, I was never going to get a grip of the topics to make work that wasn’t shallow and ill-informed. I became frustrated that I wouldn’t be able to use the visual language of the sciences that I had become obsessed with. It was at this point that this frustration became the forefront of the work and the drawings became a portrait of me and my struggle with dyslexia. I began using the visuals of science and natural history journals to create seemingly scientific illustrations.”
Carrington’s work harkens back to the history of biology and botany, where drawing and labels were the key to all knowledge, then he adds his own bit of mystical influence. Now Carrington is focusing on the human need for order. Through labels and numbers he demonstrates our need to categorize. To see more of his work, click here.
“We saw a link between level of exposure, measured by the amount of antimicrobial agents in the urine, and allergy risk, indicated by circulating antibodies to specific allergens,” said lead investigator Jessica Savage, M.D., M.H.S., an allergy and immunology fellow at Hopkins.
The researchers caution that the findings do not demonstrate that antibacterials and preservatives themselves cause the allergies, but instead suggest that these agents play a role in immune system development.
The investigators say their findings are also consistent with the so-called hygiene hypothesis, which has recently gained traction as one possible explanation behind the growing rates of food and environmental allergies in the developed world. The hypothesis suggests that early childhood exposure to common pathogens is essential in building healthy immune responses. Lack of such exposure, according to the theory, can lead to an overactive immune system that misfires against harmless substances such as food proteins, pollen or pet dander.
“This finding highlights the antimicrobial properties of these agents as a probable driving force behind their effect on the immune system,” said senior investigator Corinne Keet, M.D., M.S., an allergist at Johns Hopkins Children’s Center.
Honorable Mention - Ms. Poulomi Ray
Clemson University - Clemson, South Carolina, USA
Specimen: Intestine of a 7.5 day old chick embryo (20x)
Technique: Confocal
Oxytocin, aka “love hormone”, The hormone responsible for love
Photo by Alfred Pasieka
I think this is crystallised oxytoxcin
Caddis fly larvae protect their developing bodies by building themselves sheaths of silk and incorporating substances found in their habitats. Artist Hubert Duprate placed a group of Caddis fly larvae into a tank with gold and other precious substances for the larvae to spin into their sheaths.
Gene control mechanisms of a riboswitch :)
For example, the Coenzyme B12 riboswitch
This riboswitch has two main mechanisms of gene control; both are dictated by the architecture of the expression platform.
(A) The first regulates RNA transcription, and involves the ligand dependant formation of an intrinsic terminator stem. Stems are formed due to sequence complementarity in the molecule.
- When coenzyme B12 is not present in sufficient quantities, transcription of an mRNA that is associated with the riboswitch produces a nascent mRNA wherein the aptamer domain remains uncomplexed with ligand.
- The unbound aptamer domain produces a stem loop structure ‘ANTI TERMINATOR’ which doesn’t permit the production of the terminator stem; and permits the transcription of the complete mRNA.
- When coenzyme B12 concentration is sufficient, the nascent mRNA binds to a coenzyme B12 molecule and the allosteric change in the structure permits the ‘INTRINSIC TERMINATOR’ stem to form. (expression region)
- Transcription termination results and gene expression is prevented because the coding region of the mRNA is not made.
- Intrinsic terminators are extended stem loop structures that are followed by a run of 6 or more U residues; these cause RNA polymerase to abort transcription before the coding portion of the mRNA has been produced.
(A) The second mechanism used by the coenzyme B12 riboswitch functions at the level of translation initiation.
- Coenzyme binding causes structural changes in the full length mRNA to control access to the RIBOSOME BINDING SITE.
- Ribosomes are not able to form stable structures when the coenzyme is bound.
- Formation of either an anti-anti RBS or anti-RBS stem loop structure is generated.
- In the absence of the target metabolite, the anti-anti RBS yields the RBS and the ribosome can bind.
- In the presence of coenzyme, the RBS is shielded by the molecule and the ribosome cannot gain access to translate the encoding region.



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